Harm Reduction

Harm reduction is both a philosophy and set of practical strategies aimed at reducing the adverse health, social and economic consequences associated with using substances. Harm reduction is a non-judgmental and non-coercive approach. The approach engages people “where they are at” in terms of their substance use.  Harm reduction allows conversations to start with safety and reducing risks without requiring the cessation of all substance use.

Following safer use tips, access to harm reduction supplies and naloxone, and disposal of used equipment reduces harms for both the individual and the community, including risk of overdose and the spread of blood-borne pathogens such as HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C.

According to the Harm Reduction Coalition, the principles of harm reduction:

• Acknowledge that substance use is an unavoidable part of society,
• Understand that some methods of substance use are safer than others,
• Value quality of life over all else,
• Employ a welcoming approach and not force participation,
• Allow substance users to be active participants and share their opinions,
• Empower substance users to share information and support each other,
• Accept that class and racial issues contribute to substance use, and
• Do not attempt to minimize or ignore the real and tragic harm and danger that can be associated with illicit drug use.

Staying safe when using substances 

Go slow

Try a small amount of the substance every time, even with the same batch. 

Don’t take more than one substance at a time 

Taking more than one substance can increase the risk of drug poisoning as well as, depending on the combination of substances, place too much stress on your heart, cause sudden changes in blood pressure, or cause dehydration.

Get a naloxone kit and training

Make sure you have your naloxone kit with you whenever you consume substances – even if you don’t plan on consuming opioids.

Have a plan to not use alone

Someone needs to be there to give naloxone and get emergency help if you overdose. Take your substances with someone you trust in person, by phone, or have someone check on you. If you’re both taking a drug, take them at different times. 

Use new supplies

use only new supplies and avoid sharing supplies to reduce your risk of getting or passing on an infectious disease. 

Visit our Getting Help page for resources and community supports to reduce risk of overdose.

Taking care of yourself 

 Consider the following tips to support your physical health when consuming substances:

• Try to eat beforehand
• Stay hydrated with water
• Take a break to get some sleep
• Use lip balm to reduce cracks and blisters
• Have condoms and lube on hand
• Keep the injection site clean with an alcohol swab before you inject and seek medical care for treatment of abscesses or wounds