Syphilis is a reportable sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by bacteria. The rate of syphilis is increasing in both males and females, but more so in males.
Syphilis is mainly spread through oral, vaginal, and anal sex. Any other form of sexual contact (e.g. fingering, fisting, mutual masturbation) can spread the infection if there is direct contact with sores, semen, vaginal fluids or blood. Syphilis can also be spread through sharing drug equipment, though the risk appears to be quite low. A pregnant woman can pass on the infection to her baby during pregnancy or at the time of delivery.
Syphilis has three different stages, all with different symptoms. Not everyone notices their symptoms, so it is possible to have syphilis even if you do not remember feeling sick.
People with syphilis can give the infection to their sexual partner(s) anytime from when they have the first sign of infection up to one year after having no symptoms.
Syphilis is tested by a blood test. If a chancre is present, a swab may also be taken. It can take up to two weeks before test results are known.
Yes. Syphilis is treated with an antibiotic, usually given by an injection into a muscle. The amount and length of treatment depends on the stage of syphilis.
You can reduce your risk of getting syphilis by:
Syphilis can be life threatening if it is left untreated. Syphilis, as with other STIs, also increases the risk of getting and giving HIV.
For further questions regarding syphilis, contact the KFL&A Public Health Sexual Health Information Line.
Revised: 2011-12-05