Norovirus is an illness that usually includes diarrhea or vomiting or both. It commonly occurs in the winter and is often referred to as "stomach flu" (although it is not caused by the influenza virus). Norovirus infection causes outbreaks of vomiting and diarrhea in child-care centres, long-term care homes, as well as on cruise ships, camps, schools and other places where people gather.
People usually experience sudden onset of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea that lasts from 1 to 3 days. Other symptoms may include fever and stomach cramps.
Symptoms usually develop within 12 to 48 hours after exposure to the virus.
Most people recover in one to three days with symptoms resolving on their own. Dehydration is the most common complication.
Norovirus is found in the stool (feces) and vomit of infected people. It is easily spread from person to person by:
People infected with Norovirus are contagious once they feel ill and for up to 3 days after the symptoms stop. Some people can be contagious for as long as two weeks after recovery.
Norovirus is diagnosed based on symptoms including the sudden onset, the short duration and quick resolution of the infection. A stool sample may be collected by your doctor in certain circumstances.
There is no specific treatment for Norovirus. Most healthy people will get better on their own within 1 to 3 days.
No. Influenza (the "flu") is a respiratory illness with symptoms of cough, sore throat, and fever. Getting your influenza vaccine every fall, while important for protection against influenza, will not protect you against Norovirus infection.
Clean your hands for a minimum of 15 seconds with warm water and soap after using the toilet or diapering. If soap and water are not available, and hands are not visibly dirty, use an alcohol-based hand rub (70% to 90% alcohol), before you prepare or eat food.